Flying-machine.



J. BUCHANAN.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED OQT. 9, 1909.

' 4 Patented. May 24, 1910.

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F]: 5. I 3* a. '1 1 3 A as N K 8 b 32 3 34' Q 16 33 7 A 3 39 A 16 as i H 1 1'2 32 4: 9 13' gwmz/wboz Qwmm 7 JOHN BUCHANAN 4 citizen of the United States of America, re-

siding at'Holland,--in the county of Ottawa,

1 erably below the aeroplane; more convenbody ntg my inventionpFig. 2a ,rear'elevationo vation of the-same w th; one aeroplane v various parts'ofthe propelling and stee ing- ,ings 22.-

tomv BUCHANAN, or HOLLAND, MICHIGAN.

Specification of Ilctters faten't.

f Patented May 24,1910.

Ap lication sieaocto er 9,1909; Serial at. 321,875."

l'o-cll concern: I it -lmown that LJOHN BnoHAnA a and State of Michigan, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Flyin -Machines; and I'do herebydeclare the fofiowing to be a full, clear, andexact description of the inventiomsuchas will ens able others skilled in the art'tolwh-ich it appertains to make and use the'same. My invention relates to that class of flying machine's commonlyknown' as heavier than air in {which there are aeroplanes, propelling, and steeringdevices. -f. The'object of my invention is'to rovide' v a device with variousnew' and use zl fea'; tures hereinafter 'more fullyl-described, whereby the .deviceis more efi'ectu'allybalanced by suspending the weight c'onsidiently steered and T'managed, and more efi'ec tuafilly operated *and propelled,- reference being had tothe accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is aplan view 'ofa device ems the same," Fig. '3van enlarged eleremoved and, Fig, lanenlarged horizontal section throught e'axis of the device.

Likenumbersrefer-to like parts in all of the figures;- Iis a horizontally disposed upper member of the frame beneath ..which.'1s suspended machinery.

2 is a transverse. downwardly extend -l g p also supported by the same. This brings the ad from the bar 1 in the-lower end of the arms of which are sup ort'ed the journal bearin 22 of the main aft :23.

- 3 an 3- aretransverseoppositely extended arms of a main frame 3 supported beneath the member 1, to which arms are attached sidebars 4 also securedto the journal bear- 5-are' aeroplane ribs extending oppositely outer ends. The front rib 5 is substantially straight whemviewed in plan view and the remaming bars "curved rearward inincreas-fi i'ng proportion toward the rear, thus broad ening the outer ends of the aeroplane frame. The 7 ends of these .ribs, are connected by longitudinal rods'5, and the frame is further braced and strengthened by stays'ti extending from the outer ends of the ribs to the Still further stays side bars 4 of the frame. 7 extend from the ends of the ribs diagonally to the adjacent ribs near the middle-thereof and thence inward to the side bars 4.- Diagonal stays 7 from the respective ends of the bar lto; the .opposite' corner of the aeroplane frames also still further strengthen the frame, whereby a light and strong frame is furnished-for the aeroplane, which latter consists of any suitable material (not shown) and attached to the described frame; To reduce the dimensions of the aeroplanes" for convenience in shipment, storage, or other sTA-Tns PATENT OFFICE. v

purposes, the ribs 5 are hinged near the middle and in a line just outside the inner or' shorter stays 7, whereby-. 'the outer ends fold upward, for which purpose the stays '6 are detachably connected to the side bars 4.

in any convenient manner.

'- '8 isthe rudder PIVOtGd-OIL a vertical axis to the rear ofthe main frame and provided with the usual horizontal and verticalplanes.

9 is a reversible propeller arranged in advance of the main-frame and so locatedthat -10 is a-segment attachedto the rudder 8,

operated by a worm and hand wheel 11. to turnthe rudder on this vertical axis: TThe."

horizontal-axis upon whichthe device iturns is'at the axis of the main shaft 23.

' Hangers l7 arejournaled on thebearmgs 22 and a car 19.1s. suspended beneath the a mainframe on these hangers. ,The motor 14 ismounted on this car, and the operator is principal weight low down, thus forming a pendent'ballast," which will remain substam tialLy verticalbeneath the axis of the main Connected to the main frame is a shaft-z" segment 12 and manually adjusted relative to the hangers 17 by means of a .worm and hand wheel 13. The longitudinal axis of the frame, rudder, and aeroplanes-can thus be adjust-ed'iifclin'ed upward; or downward by means of this segment and screw, whereby the vertical steering movement is accomplished.

It is often desirable to check the forward movement of such a device and for this pur- 'p se, I provide a reversible propeller, the

b ades 9 of which are rotativelymounted on oppositely projecting arms 30 on a propeller a shaft 24 whichshaft is driven-by a pinion ,-16 engaged by a gear 16 on the mainshaft. 23, which shaft is driven by a pulley 15. con- .nected' by a belt 18 to-thedriving puiley of the motor 14. These blades 9 of the propel- 'ler are held in adjustment by levers 33 attachedrthereto, and engaged by 'pins 32 in a tube 29 slidable on the shaft 24, and adjusted by pins 28 rotativein a groove in the tube and mounted: in a sleeve 25 longitudinally movable on the bearing of theshaft=24= and held from 'rot at-ing by pins 27 in said"bear-.

ingextending through longitudinal slots 26 a in the sleeve. Thisgsleeve is longitudinally fected'by turnin the rudder on its vertical 4 may require.

adjusted by a rod 20 extending rearwardto a convenient position near the steering mechanism, thus by slidin'g this sleeve to and fro, the propeller will be reversed as occasion In. operation the horizontal steering is -ef-- axis a'nd-the vertical steering by turning the main frame with the, propelling and sup- -porting mechanisms on "the horizontal axis y means ofthe segment 12 andwheel '13,

' and :the principalweightbeing considerably "below the aeroplane, the device will. not

readily-capsize What "I -claim is:'

-1. A flying. machine, comprismg main frame, aeroplanes .sextendmg oppositely from the upper member thereof, a car pivotally suspended from the .main frame, a toothed segment attached to the main frame and extending downward therefrom, a man-v ually operated worm engaging the segment and mounted on'the car, avp'ro eller wheel as at the front of the frame, a ru der pivoted on a vertical axis at the rear of the frame, a motor on. the car and connected to the propeller wheel to rotate the same, and means for adjusting the rudderionits vertical axis! 2. a. flying machine, a longitudinall Q extended. frame member at the top thereo' ribs oppositely projecting from said member, downwardly extended hangers attached to the; member, side bar s attached to the Y frame, stays connecting the 'ribs at intervals 4 'to the. side bars, "wear suspended below the v '50' frame, a propeller at the front, a rudder at propeller, and

the rear, means for rotating the propeller mounted on thecar, and means for adjust 'ingthe rudder on its vertical axis.

'3. In a fiyinggmachine, a longitudinally I extended frame member, at the top, a' yoke extending downward from the same, side bars attached to the yoke, downwardly and rearwardly curved ribs projecting oppo-- sitely from the frame membenjs'aid ribs fhaving joints intermediate their ends, stays extending from near the joints to the side bars and attached thereto and stays extending from the outer ends of the ribs to the side bars and detachably connected thereto, whereby-the ribs may be folded upward, a car pivotally suspended beneath the yoke,

means for adjusting the angular :relation of the car and frame, a' propeller at the front,

a rudder at the'rear, 'I'neans'for rotating the means for adjusting the rudder.

longitudinally extended upper member, 'a' downwardly extended yoke arranged transversel'y of "said 'member,--a main frame beneath said member and parallel therewith; 'a driving shaft-journaled in the first named yoke, a driven shaft journaled in the main frame, a propeller mounted on" the driven shaft, gearing connecting said shafts, a car '80 pivptally suspendedbeneath" the-yoke, 1a

segment concentric with the axis off-the driving shaft, and'awormgon'the-car'en-: I gfl g g'the segmentsk 5. In a flying machine, an upperifframe member, ribs extending oppositely there-' from and-"curved 'rearwardgprogressively from the front tof -rear,' 'a mam frameextending; downward {fromsaid frame memher, side bars attached to, the frame, sta'y's connectingthe ribs-to each other and to the side bars,- apropellerflwheelatithefront, a'

.rudder at the rear, a ear pivotally-suspended' below'the frame, and; means 'for ad usting the angular-relation'ofthe'car and 'framel In testimony 'whereof- I a-ifix mysignature inpresence of two -witnesses. U

I 3 Q N ,BUGHANAM Witnesses: f 

